All 87 decoded questions of ESAT 2022, in paper order. · A question can reward more than one move, so the counts overlap.
ENGAA 2022 Section 1, Part B (Mathematics questions) 20 decoded 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 The paper at a glance, coloured by move. Click a square to open its question; empty squares are not decoded yet.
61 On numbered-statement items, bin the clause that reverses cause, sign or proportionality Breathing mechanics and the sign of the intrapleural pressure Key method Biology Animal Physiology: Systems, Homeostasis & Disease 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
62 Vessel structure implies function: exchange only at capillaries, muscle only in arteries Pavlov Biology Animal Physiology: Systems, Homeostasis & Disease only this sitting Same method, other sittings
This one has only struck here so far.
63 Movement against the concentration gradient means active transport and needs energy Convert every quantity to one unit before comparing concentrations or sizes Key method Biology Membrane Transport, Cell Division & Reproduction 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
64 The biological organisation ladder: check every noun sits at the level (cell, tissue, organ) the option claims Key method Biology Cells 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
65 Phenotype comes from genotype and environment together, beware the alone trap Key method Biology Inheritance, Variation & Evolution 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
66 Synapse transmission is chemical, by diffusion, and slower than the axon Pavlov Biology Animal Physiology: Systems, Homeostasis & Disease 1 other sitting Same method, other sittings
67 Separate chromosome, DNA molecule and strand, and watch for the replication doubling Key method Biology Membrane Transport, Cell Division & Reproduction 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
68 Natural selection edits pre-existing random variation, the environment never writes it Key method Biology Inheritance, Variation & Evolution 4 other sittings Same method, other sittings
69 Weigh the modal word: always or must needs certainty, could or may needs only one plausible mechanism Population curves and extinction risk: a plateau is a limiting factor, and small plus narrow plus restricted is fragile Key method Biology Ecology & Plant Physiology 4 other sittings Same method, other sittings
70 Ecological abundance: frequency is presence in quadrats, density is count per area, and both need a random sample Key method Biology Ecology & Plant Physiology 5 other sittings Same method, other sittings
71 Denaturation is loss of the active-site shape, caused by heat, extreme pH or boiling Temperature and pH curves peak at an optimum; a concentration curve plateaus Key method Biology Enzymes 5 other sittings Same method, other sittings
72 Blood glucose control: insulin stores, glucagon and adrenaline release, the loop is negative feedback Pavlov Biology Animal Physiology: Systems, Homeostasis & Disease 1 other sitting Same method, other sittings
73 Weigh the modal word: always or must needs certainty, could or may needs only one plausible mechanism Transpiration essentials: guard cells open when turgid, and a potometer measures water uptake not translocation Key method Biology Ecology & Plant Physiology 4 other sittings Same method, other sittings
74 A rise-then-plateau curve means a factor is now limiting; plateau height is set by total substrate Key method Biology Enzymes 4 other sittings Same method, other sittings
75 Read what actually measures a rate: quantity against time, and equal steps give rate proportional to one over time Key method Biology Ecology & Plant Physiology 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
76 Osmosis moves water toward the more concentrated solution Pavlov Biology Membrane Transport, Cell Division & Reproduction 6 other sittings Same method, other sittings
77 A lethal or non-surviving genotype: delete it and re-read the ratio among survivors Key method Biology Inheritance, Variation & Evolution 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
78 Mitosis keeps the chromosome number and makes two cells, meiosis halves it and makes four Separate chromosome, DNA molecule and strand, and watch for the replication doubling Every body cell shares one genome, and the male gamete fixes the sex Key method Biology Membrane Transport, Cell Division & Reproduction 6 other sittings Same method, other sittings
79 Plateaux and the compensation point: a level rate means another factor limits, a falling rate means denaturation Key method Biology Ecology & Plant Physiology 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
80 Monohybrid cross Aa x Aa gives a 1:2:1 genotype ratio and a 3:1 phenotype ratio A phenotypically normal child of two carriers is a carrier with probability two thirds Tunnel Biology Inheritance, Variation & Evolution 4 other sittings Same method, other sittings
NSAA 2022 Section 1 Part B (ESAT Physics) 20 decoded 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 The paper at a glance, coloured by move. Click a square to open its question; empty squares are not decoded yet.
41 A visible change means a precipitate, a gas or a colour change, not just any reaction Key method Chemistry Chemical Reactions, Acids, Bases & Redox only this sitting Same method, other sittings
This one has only struck here so far.
42 Aqueous electrolysis discharge rules: below hydrogen deposits, halide gives the halogen Key method Chemistry Electrolysis & Metals 4 other sittings Same method, other sittings
43 Classify the structure and bonding, then read off the property Key method Chemistry Atomic Structure, Bonding & the Periodic Table 6 other sittings Same method, other sittings
44 Electron direction in a half-equation: left means reduction, right means oxidation Pavlov Chemistry Chemical Reactions, Acids, Bases & Redox 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
45 Judge a reaction as redox from its type before assigning oxidation numbers Key method Chemistry Chemical Reactions, Acids, Bases & Redox 5 other sittings Same method, other sittings
46 Read a rate-time curve as two separate things: plateau and steepness Gas volume to moles: convert cm3 to dm3 before dividing by 24 Key method Chemistry Rates of Reaction & Energetics 5 other sittings Same method, other sittings
47 Aqueous electrolysis discharge rules: below hydrogen deposits, halide gives the halogen Key method Chemistry Electrolysis & Metals 4 other sittings Same method, other sittings
48 Neutralisation counts protons and hydroxides per formula unit, not acid strength Key method Chemistry Chemical Reactions, Acids, Bases & Redox 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
49 Esterification balances by conservation of mass, add 18 for water Key method Chemistry Organic Chemistry, Separation & Analysis 1 other sitting Same method, other sittings
50 Relative atomic mass as an abundance-weighted mean, forwards or reversed Bound the relative atomic mass between the isotope masses to eliminate options Oxide formula and acid-base character straight from the group Tunnel Chemistry Atomic Structure, Bonding & the Periodic Table 6 other sittings Same method, other sittings
51 Rf equals spot distance over solvent-front distance Rf is fixed, so chromatogram distances scale with the front Pavlov Chemistry Organic Chemistry, Separation & Analysis 6 other sittings Same method, other sittings
52 The mole bridge: convert mass, gas volume and particle count to moles Composition of dry air: 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% argon Tunnel Chemistry Organic Chemistry, Separation & Analysis 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
53 Relative atomic mass as an abundance-weighted mean, forwards or reversed Back out the element from a given electron count, undoing the ionic charge first Tunnel Chemistry Atomic Structure, Bonding & the Periodic Table 6 other sittings Same method, other sittings
54 The mole bridge: convert mass, gas volume and particle count to moles Alkene addition: one atom to each double-bond carbon, one molecule per bond Addition-polymer repeat unit: two backbone carbons, side groups kept Tunnel Chemistry Organic Chemistry, Separation & Analysis 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
55 Combustion by general formula: balance carbon, then hydrogen, then oxygen, counting the fuel's own oxygen Tunnel Chemistry Chemical Reactions, Acids, Bases & Redox 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
56 Back titration: acid that reacted equals acid supplied minus acid left over Tunnel Chemistry Quantitative Chemistry 1 other sitting Same method, other sittings
57 Calorimetry: q equals mc delta T, then divide by the limiting moles Tunnel Chemistry Rates of Reaction & Energetics 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
58 Name an unknown product from the atoms left over after the known products Key method Chemistry Chemical Reactions, Acids, Bases & Redox 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
59 Empirical formula: masses to moles to the simplest whole number ratio Tunnel Chemistry Quantitative Chemistry 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
60 Pin exactly what is asked: the examiner plants the natural intermediate value as an option Key method Chemistry Quantitative Chemistry 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
NSAA 2022 Section 1, Part A (Mathematics questions) 18 decoded 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 The paper at a glance, coloured by move. Click a square to open its question; empty squares are not decoded yet.
1 Distributing Outer Powers Pavlov Pure Algebra, Functions & Graphs 1 other sitting Same method, other sittings
2 Overlay a coordinate system for complex intersecting shapes Key method Pure Geometry 5 other sittings Same method, other sittings
3 Rearranging Complex Formulas Pavlov Pure Algebra, Functions & Graphs 4 other sittings Same method, other sittings
4 Systematic enumeration for small discrete sums Pavlov Prob & Stats Probability & Statistics 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
5 Successive percentage changes as a product of decimal multipliers Reverse percentage: divide by the final multiplier Pavlov Pure Ratio & Proportion 5 other sittings Same method, other sittings
7 Algebraic Fraction Simplification Pavlov Pure Algebra, Functions & Graphs 6 other sittings Same method, other sittings
8 Convert means into absolute totals Pavlov Prob & Stats Probability & Statistics 4 other sittings Same method, other sittings
10 Setting up the proportionality constant Tunnel Pure Ratio & Proportion 5 other sittings Same method, other sittings
11 Right-Angled Decomposition Pavlov Pure Trigonometry only this sitting Same method, other sittings
This one has only struck here so far.
12 Average speed is total distance over total time, never the mean of speeds Pavlov Pure Number & Units 1 other sitting Same method, other sittings
13 3D solids: equating volumes and surface areas algebraically Tunnel Pure Geometry 5 other sittings Same method, other sittings
14 Root Gap from the Discriminant Key method Pure Algebra, Functions & Graphs 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
15 Rearranging Complex Formulas Pavlov Pure Algebra, Functions & Graphs 4 other sittings Same method, other sittings
16 The solving for x multiple-choice trap Key method Pure Geometry 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
17 Translate geometric constraints into arithmetic on squares Pavlov Prob & Stats Probability & Statistics only this sitting Same method, other sittings
This one has only struck here so far.
18 Regular polygons: work with exterior angles, not interior Pavlov Pure Geometry 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
19 Coordinate transformations algebraically Key method Pure Geometry 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
20 Roots via the Discriminant Key method Pure Algebra, Functions & Graphs 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
NSAA 2022 Section 1, Part C (Chemistry questions) 9 decoded 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 The paper at a glance, coloured by move. Click a square to open its question; empty squares are not decoded yet.
21 Integrand to Sum of Powers Pavlov Pure Integration only this sitting Same method, other sittings
This one has only struck here so far.
23 Areas bounded by intersecting lines: use an axis as the base Key method Pure Coordinate Geometry 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
25 Scaling laws for similar figures and solids Pavlov Pure Ratio & Proportion 4 other sittings Same method, other sittings
27 Factor out surds before expanding or rationalising Key method Pure Number & Units 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
29 Splitting a Sum into Standard Series Tunnel Pure Sequences & Series only this sitting Same method, other sittings
This one has only struck here so far.
31 Quadratics in Disguise Key method Pure Algebra, Functions & Graphs 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
33 Geometry Optimisation via Quadratics Tunnel Pure Trigonometry 1 other sitting Same method, other sittings
35 Minimum of a Quadratic Pavlov Pure Algebra, Functions & Graphs 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
39 Substitute to a Polynomial (Exponentials & Logs) Common-Base Conversion Tunnel Pure Exponentials & Logarithms 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
NSAA 2022 Section 1, Part D (Biology questions) 20 decoded 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 The paper at a glance, coloured by move. Click a square to open its question; empty squares are not decoded yet.
21 Find the current first: it is the hub of every electrical chain Read the option spread before computing: the distractors name the slip Force on a current: the work is deciding what B, I and L really are Pavlov Physics Electricity & Magnetism 6 other sittings Same method, other sittings
22 Use the relative speed and Doppler direction, never the still values, when source or observer moves Key method Physics Waves, Sound & the Electromagnetic Spectrum 1 other sitting Same method, other sittings
23 Heat transfer is driven by the temperature difference alone, never by the individual temperatures Conduction along a bar: rate is proportional to area times temperature difference, divided by length Key method Physics Thermal Physics 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
24 Find the current first: it is the hub of every electrical chain When the resistances are identical or never given, call each one R and let it cancel Choose the power formula by the shared quantity, then split power as R or as one over R Pavlov Physics Electricity & Magnetism 6 other sittings Same method, other sittings
25 Force from a momentum change: divide by the contact time, and double the speed for a bounce Tunnel Physics Energy, Work & Momentum 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
26 Energy lost, wasted or done against drag is the input total minus the useful total The second law gives the resultant force, but the question asks for a named one Key method Physics Energy, Work & Momentum 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
27 Turn measured times into distances with the right geometric factor for reflected or multi-speed signals Key method Physics Waves, Sound & the Electromagnetic Spectrum 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
28 Read the option spread before computing: the distractors name the slip Key method Physics Electricity & Magnetism 4 other sittings Same method, other sittings
29 Label the circuit with the two invariants, then carry the one given number across Tunnel Physics Electricity & Magnetism 4 other sittings Same method, other sittings
30 Label the circuit with the two invariants, then carry the one given number across For a non ohmic component the graph is its Ohm law: the circuit picks the axis Tunnel Physics Electricity & Magnetism 6 other sittings Same method, other sittings
31 Force from a momentum change: divide by the contact time, and double the speed for a bounce The second law gives the resultant force, but the question asks for a named one Tunnel Physics Energy, Work & Momentum 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
32 Read the period and wavelength off wave graphs as half-cycle steps and reduce fractional periods Key method Physics Waves, Sound & the Electromagnetic Spectrum 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
33 Atomic bookkeeping: protons are the element, neutrons are the isotope, electrons set the charge Key method Physics Radioactivity 2 other sittings Same method, other sittings
34 Half-life arithmetic: work in powers of one-half, never in logarithms Decay conserves atoms one for one: daughter equals initial daughter plus parent decayed Pavlov Physics Radioactivity 6 other sittings Same method, other sittings
35 Method of mixtures: heat lost equals heat gained, and some given data is meant to be unused Tunnel Physics Thermal Physics 1 other sitting Same method, other sittings
36 Which graph questions: one numerical anchor plus one shape argument Key method Physics Electricity & Magnetism 1 other sitting Same method, other sittings
37 Springs: the extension is not the length, and the stored energy is half of what you expect Two scenarios compared: take the ratio, never recompute either one Key method Physics Energy, Work & Momentum 4 other sittings Same method, other sittings
38 Decide the direction of the change first, then read the spread of the options Trapped gas: build the absolute pressure first, then apply Boyle's law Sealed gas at constant temperature: density follows the pressure directly Key method Physics Matter 5 other sittings Same method, other sittings
39 Turn measured times into distances with the right geometric factor for reflected or multi-speed signals Key method Physics Waves, Sound & the Electromagnetic Spectrum 3 other sittings Same method, other sittings
40 Turning a solid onto another face changes the area, never the weight Key method Physics Matter 1 other sitting Same method, other sittings
